Freesia is a genus of herbaceous perennial flowering crops in the family Iridaceae, first referred to as a genus in 1866 by Chr. Fr. Echlon (1795-1868) and named after German botanist and doctor Friedrich Freese (1794-1878). It is indigenous to the eastern side of southern Africa, from Kenya south to South Africa, most types being within Cape Provinces. Varieties of the past genus Anomatheca are now included in Freesia. The crops often called "freesias", with fragrant funnel-shaped blooms, are cultivated hybrids of a number of Freesia species. Some other types are also grown up as ornamental vegetation.
They can be herbaceous plant life which increase from a conical corm 1-2.5 cm size, which directs up a tuft of slim leaves 10-30 cm long, and a sparsely branched stem 10-40 cm large bearing a few leaves and a loose one-sided spike of blossoms with six tepals. Many kinds have fragrant narrowly funnel-shaped flowers, although those formerly located in the genus Anomatheca, such as F. laxa, have even flowers. Freesias are used as food vegetation by the larvae of some Lepidoptera species including Large Yellow Underwing.
CULTIVATION AND USES
The plants usually called "freesias" derive from crosses made in the 19th hundred years between F. refracta and F. leichtlinii. Numerous cultivars have been bred from these types and the red- and yellow-flowered types of F. corymbosa. Modern tetraploid cultivars have plants ranging from white to yellowish, pink, red and blue-mauve. These are mostly cultivated professionally in the Netherlands by about 80 growers.[3] Freesias can be conveniently increased from seed. Because of their specific and desirable scent, they are generally used in side ointments, shampoos, candles, etc.[citation needed], however, the bouquets are mainly utilized in wedding bouquets. They can be planted in the show up in USDA Hardiness Areas 9-10 (i.e. where in fact the temperature will not show up below about -7 ?C (20 ?F)), and in the spring in Areas 4-8.
Freesia laxa (formerly called Lapeirousia laxa or Anomatheca cruenta) is one of the other types of the genus which is often cultivated. Smaller than the scented freesia cultivars, they have flat rather than cup-shaped plants. Extensive 'forcing' of the bulb occurs in two Moon Bay in California where several growers chill the light bulbs in proprietary solutions to satisfy frosty dormancy which results in development of buds within the predicted quantity of weeks - often 5 weeks at 55 ?F (13 ?C).
Herbaceous crops (in botanical use frequently simply herbal remedies) are plant life that contain no continual woody stem above floor. Herbaceous plant life may be annuals, biennials or perennials. Annual herbaceous plants pass away completely by the end of the growing season or when they may have flowered and fruited, and they then expand again from seed. Herbaceous perennial and biennial crops may have stems that pass away by the end of the growing season, but elements of the plant endure under or close to the bottom from season to season (for biennials, before next growing season, when they rose and expire). New growth evolves from living tissue left over on or under the bottom, including root base, a caudex (a thickened portion of the stem at walk out) or various types of underground stems, such as light bulbs, corms, stolons, rhizomes and tubers. Types of herbaceous biennials include carrot, parsnip and common ragwort; herbaceous perennials include potato, peony, hosta, mint, most ferns & most grasses. In comparison, non-herbaceous perennial crops are woody vegetation which have stems above floor that stay alive through the dormant season and grow shoots the next calendar year from the above-ground parts - included in these are trees, shrubs and vines.
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