Freesia is a genus of herbaceous perennial flowering plants in the family Iridaceae, first described as a genus in 1866 by Chr. Fr. Echlon (1795-1868) and named after German botanist and doctor Friedrich Freese (1794-1878). It is native to the eastern part of southern Africa, from Kenya south to South Africa, most varieties being within Cape Provinces. Species of the former genus Anomatheca are now included in Freesia. The crops often called "freesias", with fragrant funnel-shaped bouquets, are cultivated hybrids of a number of Freesia species. Some other kinds are also expanded as ornamental plant life.
They are really herbaceous plant life which increase from a conical corm 1-2.5 cm size, which delivers up a tuft of thin leaves 10-30 cm long, and a sparsely branched stem 10-40 cm tall bearing a few leaves and a loose one-sided spike of flowers with six tepals. Many types have fragrant narrowly funnel-shaped flowers, although those formerly positioned in the genus Anomatheca, such as F. laxa, have even flowers. Freesias are used as food crops by the larvae of some Lepidoptera types including Large Yellowish Underwing.
CULTIVATION AND USES
The vegetation usually called "freesias" are derived from crosses made in the 19th century between F. refracta and F. leichtlinii. Numerous cultivars have been bred from these species and the red- and yellow-flowered types of F. corymbosa. Modern tetraploid cultivars have blossoms which range from white to yellow, green, red and blue-mauve. They may be mostly cultivated expertly in holland by about 80 growers.[3] Freesias can be immediately increased from seed. Because of their specific and satisfying scent, they are often used in hand ointments, shampoos, candles, etc.[citation needed], however, the blooms are mainly used in wedding bouquets. They can be planted in the show up in USDA Hardiness Zones 9-10 (i.e. where in fact the temperature does not fall below about -7 ?C (20 ?F)), and in the planting season in Zones 4-8.
Freesia laxa (previously called Lapeirousia laxa or Anomatheca cruenta) is one of the other kinds of the genus which is often cultivated. Smaller than the scented freesia cultivars, it includes flat rather than cup-shaped bouquets. Extensive 'forcing' of the bulb occurs in Half Moon Bay in California where several growers chill the bulbs in proprietary methods to satisfy cool dormancy which results in development of buds within the predicted variety of weeks - often 5 weeks at 55 ?F (13 ?C).
Herbaceous crops (in botanical use frequently simply herbal selections) are vegetation which may have no persistent woody stem above ground. Herbaceous vegetation may be annuals, biennials or perennials. Annual herbaceous plants die completely at the end of the growing season or when they have got flowered and fruited, plus they then develop again from seed. Herbaceous perennial and biennial vegetation may have stems that die at the end of the growing season, but elements of the plant endure under or near to the ground from season to season (for biennials, until the next growing season, when they blossom and die). New growth advances from living tissues left over on or under the ground, including root base, a caudex (a thickened part of the stem at ground level) or numerous kinds of underground stems, such as light bulbs, corms, stolons, rhizomes and tubers. Examples of herbaceous biennials include carrot, parsnip and common ragwort; herbaceous perennials include potato, peony, hosta, mint, most ferns and most grasses. In comparison, non-herbaceous perennial vegetation are woody plant life which have stems above surface that continue to be alive through the dormant season and expand shoots another time from the above-ground parts - these include trees and shrubs, shrubs and vines.
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